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Stand and Deliver
SUBJECTS — U.S./1945 - 1991, Diversity & California; Mathematics; ELA: character development, symbols, subplot, foils and irony;
SOCIAL-EMOTIONAL LEARNING — Male Role Model; Self-esteem; Education;
MORAL-ETHICAL EMPHASIS — Trustworthiness; Responsibility; Citizenship.
Age: 12+; MPAA Rating: PG; Drama; 1987, 105 minutes; Color.
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Stand and Deliver describes extraordinary years at Garfield High, a predominantly Hispanic school in the East Los Angeles barrio. Garfield High drew students whose academic performance had been crippled by cultural deprivation and low expectations. From 1976 to 1990, students at Garfield tackled advanced placement calculus. Led by teacher Jaime Escalante, they devoted afternoons, Saturdays, and vacations to extra math classes; homework kept them awake late into the night. In 1982 Garfield High students scored a breakthrough: eighteen passed the Advanced Placement test in calculus.
Stand and Deliver is a dramatization of Mr. Escalante's efforts to motivate his class and the students' efforts to master calculus. The film can inspire students to study any difficult subject, especially mathematics. It also provides an interesting, though flawed, presentation of the dispute with the Educational Testing Service (ETS), which suspected the students of cheating.
The TeachWithMovies.com Learning Guide to Stand and Deliver will reveal the truth about the dispute with the ETS. It shows how the movie, in addition to its basic inspirational message, can be used to teach the following concepts:
- Real change takes years of preparation and work as well as constant efforts to maintain it. -- The Garfield High math program was based on years of improvements to math education in area middle schools and at Garfield High.
- Ideas migrate over time and are dispersed to new locations. -- There are two scenes in the film that can be used to introduce this idea and provide an opportunity to relate this story to the Mayas of Mesoamerica and the Ancient Babylonians, Greeks, and Romans.
- How finding the area of a circle can give us "A Taste of Calculus."
- Different burdens of proof and presumptions about innocence are applied by courts, government agencies, and private businesses that make decisions that affect our lives. Due process does not apply to decisions made by non-governmental agencies.
- An exploration of why cheating at school is harmful.
- An analysis of the fictional elements of the movie focusing on development of character, literary symbols, and foils.
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Stand and Deliver is a movie that inspires children to excel in mathematics.
Learning Guide Excerpt
To give you a sense of how our Learning Guides can be used by teachers to develop lesson plans, and by parents to supplement school curriculum or for homeschooling, we have set out below one of the discussion questions and the suggested answer from the Learning Guide to Stand and Deliver.
One of Mr. Escalante's special qualities was that he had high expectations for his students. (1) What is the importance of a teacher's expectations for his or her students? (2) How do parents' expectations affect the performance of children in school? (3) What role is played by a person's own expectations?
Suggested Response: (1) and (2): If the adults around a child do not have high expectations it will be difficult for the child to have high expectations. (3): But the most important expectations are those that people develop and confirm on their own. [After students answer this question, parents and teachers can note that Anne Frank in her diary entry for July 15, 1944, just a few days before the Nazis found her family's hiding place, said this: "I understand more and more how true Daddy's words were when he said, 'All children must look after their own upbringing.' Parents can only give good advice or put them on right paths, but the final forming of a person's character lies in their own hands." Anne Frank died in the concentration camps.]
The Learning Guide to the film Stand and Deliver contains sections on Benefits of the Movie, Possible Problems, Helpful Background, Discussion Questions, Links to the Internet, and Bridges to Reading. The Discussion Questions are divided into three categories: Subject Matter, Social-Emotional Learning, and Moral-Ethical Emphasis.
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